Fatwa

Validity of Nikah

Fatwa #803 Category: Marriage & Divorce Country: India Date: 18th October 2022
Fatwa #803 Date: 18th October 2022
Category: Marriage & Divorce
Country: India

Question

Under certain wordings of ijabo qubul done in present tense in which the groom makes an offer for himself by saying

i want to do nikah with you do you accept and the bride answers yes i accept but since no past tense was used is the nikah valid ?

Answer

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
As-salāmu ‘alaykum wa-rahmatullāhi wa-barakātuh.

According to the Hanafi madhab, the legitimacy of nikaah depends on the two parties ‘Ījāb (proposal) and qabool (acceptance) in front of two male witnesses, or one male and two female.[i]

It is essential that the nikaah be made public. A hidden marriage is frowned upon and despised.

In the enquired situation, the words of the proposal and acceptance in the present tense are sufficient and the nikah is valid.

 

And Allah Ta’āla Knows Best

 

Mufti Ikraam Gangat

 

Checked and Concurred by
Mufti Bilal Pandor

Darul Iftaa Mahmudiyyah


Lusaka, Zambia

www.daruliftaazambia.com

 

 الدر المختار وحاشية ابن عابدين (رد المحتار) (3/ 9)ا

(وَيَنْعَقِدُ) مُتَلَبِّسًا (بِإِيجَابٍ) مِنْ أَحَدِهِمَا (وَقَبُولٍ) مِنْ الْآخِرِ (وَضْعًا لِلْمُضِيِّ) لِأَنَّ الْمَاضِيَ أَدَلُّ عَلَى التَّحْقِيقِ (كَزَوَّجْتُ) نَفْسِي أَوْ بِنْتِي أَوْ مُوَكِّلَتِي مِنْك (وَ) يَقُولُ الْآخَرُ (تَزَوَّجْت، وَ) يَنْعَقِدُ أَيْضًا (بِمَا) أَيْ بِلَفْظَيْنِ (وُضِعَ أَحَدُهُمَا لَهُ) لِلْمُضِيِّ (وَالْآخَرُ لِلِاسْتِقْبَالِ) أَوْ لِلْحَالِ، فَالْأَوَّلُ الْأَمْرُ (كَزَوِّجْنِي) أَوْ زَوِّجِينِي نَفْسَك أَوْ كُونِي امْرَأَتِي فَإِنَّهُ لَيْسَ بِإِيجَابٍ بَلْ هُوَ تَوْكِيلٌ ضِمْنِيٌّ (فَإِذَا قَالَ) فِي الْمَجْلِسِ (زَوَّجْت) أَوْ قَبِلْت أَوْ بِالسَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ بَزَّازِيَّةٌ قَامَ مَقَامَ الطَّرَفَيْنِ وَقِيلَ هُوَ إيجَابٌ وَرَجَّحَهُ فِي الْبَحْرِ وَالثَّانِي الْمُضَارِعُ الْمَبْدُوءُ بِهَمْزَةٍ أَوْ نُونٍ أَوْ تَاءٍ كَتُزَوِّجِينِي نَفْسَك إذَا لَمْ يَنْوِ الِاسْتِقْبَالَ، وَكَذَا أَنَا مُتَزَوِّجُك أَوْ جِئْتُك خَاطِبًا لِعَدَمِ جَرَيَانِ الْمُسَاوَمَةِ فِي النِّكَاحِ أَوْ هَلْ أَعْطَيْتنِيهَا إنْ الْمَجْلِسُ لِلنِّكَاحِ، وَإِنْ لِلْوَعْدِ فَوَعْدٌ؛ وَلَوْ قَالَ لَهَا يَا عَرُوسِي فَقَالَتْ لَبَّيْكَ انْعَقَدَ عَلَى الْمَذْهَبِ