Earnings of a cupper
| Fatwa #962 | Category: Business & Trade | Country: Zambia | Date: 21st November 2023 |
| Fatwa #962 | Date: 21st November 2023 |
| Category: Business & Trade | |
| Country: Zambia | |
Question
Kindly verify this hadith for me.
The prophet Sallahu alayhi Wa Sallam Said, “The worst earning is the earning of a prostitute, the price of a dog and the earning of a cupper.” Sahih Muslim
Answer
In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
As-salāmu ‘alaykum wa-rahmatullāhiwa-barakātuh.
There are two aspects of the hadīth that require a clarification.
Firstly, with regards to charging a fee for Hijāmah, the majority of the jurists are of the view that it is permissible.[1] This view is based on the following Aḥādīth:
قَالَ احْتَجَمَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَأَعْطَى الْحَجَّامَ أَجْرَهُ، وَلَوْ عَلِمَ كَرَاهِيَةً لَمْ يُعْطِهِ.
Translation: When the Prophet Ṣallāhu ‘Alaihi Wa Sallam was cupped, he paid the man who cupped him his wages. If it had been undesirable, he would not have paid him.
(Sahih al-Bukhari 2279)
احْتَجَمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم، حَجَمَهُ أَبُو طَيْبَةَ، فَأَمَرَ لَهُ بِصَاعَيْنِ مِنْ طَعَامٍ، وَكَلَّمَ أَهْلَهُ فَوَضَعُوا عَنْهُ مِنْ خَرَاجِهِ، وَقَالَ: إِنَّ أَفْضَلَ مَا تَدَاوَيْتَمْ بِهِ الْحِجَامَةُ، أَوْ إِنَّ مِنْ أَمْثَلِ دَوَائِكُمُ الْحِجَامَةَ.
Translation: “Rasulullah Sallallahu ‘Alayhi Wasallam undertook the treatment of cupping which was administered by Abū Taybah Radiyallahu ‘Anhu. He was given two saa’ food (in another narration it is mentioned that dates were given), and Rasulullah Sallallahu’Alayhi Wasallam interceded on his behalf to his master that the stipulated amount he was responsible for be lessened. He also mentioned this that cupping is the best of medicine”.
(Ash-Shama’il Al-Muhammadiyah 359)
كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَحْتَجِمُ، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ يَظْلِمُ أَحَدًا أَجْرَهُ.
Translation: The Prophet (ﷺ) used to get cupped and would never withhold the wages of any person.
(Sahih al-Bukhari 2280)
The view of impermissibility is held by a few scholars and is based on the following Aḥādīth:
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ثَمَنُ الْكَلْبِ خَبِيثٌ وَمَهْرُ الْبَغِيِّ خَبِيثٌ وَكَسْبُ الْحَجَّامِ خَبِيثٌ
Translation: Nabī Ṣallāhu ‘Alaihi Wa Sallam said, “The price paid for a dog is impure, the money paid to a prostitute is impure, and the earnings of a cupper are impure.” (Saḥīḥ Muslim 2763)
نهى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم عن كسب الحجام وأمرنا أن نطعمه ناضحنا
Translation: Nabi Ṣallāhu ‘Alaihi Wa Sallam prohibited from accepting a fee for cupping and ordered to feed (of its earning) the water carrying camels. (Sharh Ma’ānil ‘Āthār)
These Ahādīth apparently contradict each other regarding the charging of a fee for cupping. The majority of jurists have given preference to those Ahādīth that indicate towards its permissibility; and as such agree that it is permissible to charge a fee and that the income earned would be Halāl. As for the Ahādīth that refer to its impermissibility, they are interpreted in the following ways:
- These Ahādīth are abrogated by those Ahādīth that show permissibility.[2]
- These Ahādīth merely point out to the fact that this profession is a lowly profession, and one should refrain from charging a fee. [3]
In conclusion, there is no sin if you charge a fee for cupping and therefore your income will be Halāl.
Secondly, with regards to the sale of dogs, you may refer to the following link Fatwa – Darul Iftaa Mahmudiyyah (daruliftaazambia.com)
And Allah Ta’āla Knows Best
Mufti Ikraam Gangat
Concurred by
Mufti Bilal Pandor
Darul Iftaa Mahmudiyyah
Lusaka, Zambia
الموسوعة الفقهية الكويتية (17 / 18 وزارة الأوقاف والشئون الإسلامية) [1]
ذهب جمهور الفقهاء (الحنفية والمالكية والشافعية والحنابلة في قول) إلى جواز اتخاذ الحجامة حرفة وأخذ الأجرة عليها، واستدلوا بما روى ابن عباس قال: احتجم النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم وأعطى الحجام أجره ، ولو علمه حراما لم يعطه وفي لفظ لو علمه خبيثا لم يعطه. ولأنها منفعة مباحة فجاز الاستئجار عليها كالبناء والخياطة، ولأن بالناس حاجة إليها ولا نجد كل أحد متبرعا بها، فجاز الاستئجار عليها كالرضاع
شرح صحيح البخارى لابن بطال (6 / 363 مكتبة الرشد) [2]
ويحتمل أن يكون الحديث الذى فيه النهى عن ثمن الكلب وكسب الحجام كان فى بدء الإسلام، ثم نسخ ذلك، وأبيح الاصطياد به، وكان كسائر الجوارح فى جواز بيعه، وكذلك لما أعطى الحجام أجره كان ناسخًا لما تقدمه
شرح سنن ابن ماجه للسيوطي وغيره (1 / 157 قديمي كتب خانة ) [3]
وحملوا الأحاديث التي في النهي على التنزيه والانتفاع عن دني الاكساب
مرقاة المفاتيح شرح مشكاة المصابيح (5 / 1894 دار الفك)ر
وكسب الحجام خبيث مع أنه ليس بحرام اتفاقا فقوله: خبيث أي: ليس بطيب فهو مكروه لا حرام، وإطلاق الحديث عليه باعتبار حصوله بأدنى المكاسب